Doctor Faustus And The Lutheran Aesthetic Tragedy Theology Religion Essay Essays

Doctor Faustus And The Lutheran Aesthetic Tragedy Theology Religion Essay Essays Doctor Faustus And The Lutheran Aesthetic Tragedy Theology Religion Essay Paper Doctor Faustus And The Lutheran Aesthetic Tragedy Theology Religion Essay Paper a reminder of mediaeval pageants inheriting moral every bit good as physical constructions, with the Heaven high up and the Hell underneath in the cavity or the caldron. ( 234 ) On such occasions as those of Barabas the caldron could stand for the traditional image of snake pit which was derived from the concluding chapters of Job where Behemoth and Leviathan both were pictured in inside informations as hell-mouth of fearful monsters. , a boiling caldron was imagined in the unfastened jaws of the monster. ( 235 ) Sometimes the caldron represents hell itself, and sometimes it is a portion of the scene. Decidedly in Barabas terminal there are inevitable moral concerns with the concluding triumph of Christians in Malta. Yet, Marlowe avoids the indirect Second Coming of Christ and the endurance of the Christians has no moral justification. In fact Marlowe has damned the Jew as a agency of torturing and exposing those who pride themselves on their Christian religion. The statements of the Governor are like those of Peter the Venerable pressing the Jews to be forced to lend to the cost of the Second Crusade. ( 236 ) At the clip all wars against the Turkish heathens were seen as Crusades and the state of affairs of Malta was the extension of the 1 that Peter Venerable was composing approximately. Marlowe implies that Barabas is against the Christ, yet his test is conducted by figures that approximate to Pilate and Chief Priest ( 331 ) . Profession in the drama means spiritual religion. ( 237 ) Barabas makes the Christian point that righteousness is non a tribal or racial ownership, but an single compact ( 346-350 ) . Therefore he has the right to populate and thrive in this universe and in footings of the Old Testament he seems to be justified. His extension of legal position in Malta to a sacredly legality under the footings of the Judaic jurisprudence, yet, does non suit in, with his claim to a personal compact. ( 238 ) The righteousness in Barabas address is a distinguishable and antithetical construct to that of the New Testament and a Christian audience is expected to reject Barabas defense mechanism. In ( 351-355 ) profession means Judaic religion and for the Jew to claim single compact is a contradiction in footings. Barabas as the figure of Job efforts at ineffectual excuse and as an Anti-Job figure resorts to Machiavellian craft ( 507 ) . The last two line of the Governor ( 356 ) show that more than doctrinal rightness is involved. ( 239 ) Marlowe in stating all they that love non Tobacco and Boie were fooles ? And to what? Such a statement is effectual because of its power to upset our prepossession, but it does non take to anyplace. Marlowe identified himself with the Rebels: Tamburlaine, Barabas, Faustus, and Edward II, but that such designation blinded him to the changeless Torahs of God, society is unlikely. His Cambridge background and societal contacts suggest his contact with Calvinism and the strongest emotional effects in the Hagiographas of the reformists normally come from their sense of God s infinite transcendency, and adult male s infinite adulteration ( Tamburlaine, 2893-2911 ) . The talker is passionately involvement with the thought of God s pureness and transcendency and the treachery of that pureness in human nature. ( 240 ) He knew what it was like to idolize transcendency, the power, and beauty beyond human comprehension. He was a God-haunted atheist being at the same time fascinated and horrified by the autonomy of the fallen universe. We come to prefer the Judaic profession of Barabas to the lip service of the Christians with Marlowe belaboring the Christians. The universe of Marlowe is wholly a fallen one and so is the universe of Calvin. The Spirit and the Letter: Marlowe s Tamburlaine and Elizabethan Religious Radicalism ( 125 ) Having conquered Babylon and outside the ruins of the metropolis Tamburlaine asks about the Islamic sanctum books: Now Casane They shal be burnt ( 2 Tam. 5.1.173-76 ) . He realized the futility of esteeming anything but his ain deity. He taunts Mahomet in ( 2 Tam. 5.1.180-81 ) and identifies himself as the flagellum of another higher God. ( 126 ) To him Spirit is bound by nil unlike Mahomet whose amount of faith remainders in the Koran ( 2 Tam. 5.1.191 ) . He disdains faith codified in books and the missive of the jurisprudence means nil for he possesses a Godhead spirit throwing off his shepherd s weeds to uncover the armour beneath carrying everyone he is non of flesh and blood topic to Torahs. Marlowe remarks on issues of gnosis and interior enlightenment and the struggle between the spirit and the missive. Here the Koran is substituted for the Christian Scriptures and he is turn toing Christian divinity in reassigning the noncompliant gesture to the distant universe of Islam. In Tamburlaine the ownership of a religious gnosis leads to a neglect for all Torahs where others are governed bodily by it. At the clip the issues of election and predestination were heatedly debated and there were an increasing figure of people seeking direct contact with God from spiritual governments or doctrinal codifications. Marlowe s dramas are a portion of a larger cultural geographic expedition of the significance of single spiritual inspiration and the effects of such inspiration for the organic structure politic. ( 127 ) Marlowe s dramas indicate a doubting attitude towards Gnostic transcendency. He offers a critical portrayal of religious assurance gone huffy and facilitates us with the perceptual experience of tensenesss in English Reformation thought. II. There is a Gnostic subtext in Marlowe s dramas every bit good as the presentation of anti-materialism. ( 128 ) As the oppositions of the Gnostics, the early Church Fathers intended their work as a cautious displaying of unorthodoxy concentrating their attending excessive, bizarre belief and patterns. Gnosticism is a negative religio-philosophical motion get awaying from the tragic travesty of stuff being, abhoring the organic structure and material registry as a cardinal characteristic like many ancient doctrines. But in Neoplatonic circles, the theory of godly emanations proclaimed earthly things to bear the contemplation of the Godhead. In Gnostic thought the material universe is non even the creative activity of the true God ; instead it s the work of an inferior God, himself the consequence of an mistake in the Godhead kingdom. ( 129 ) The one, unknowable God causes distinguishable godly existences to look, each stand foring one of his property. The stuffs of creative activity root from a tragic sense of loss, forsaking, and perplexity. For the Gnostics the creative activity of the universe is a calamity. Nothing valuable inheres in the qualities and characters of materiality. To be on Earth signifies the deepness of one s remotion from the flawlessness and tranquility of the Godhead. The Gnostics can get the better of the overpowering disaffection of life on Earth through the attainment of gnosis, the acknowledgment of one s true origin the kernel of gnosis is cognizing that the 1 s true ego is godly and organic structure and the universe are hindrances to one s nonnatural acclivity. ( 130 ) Gnostic minds believe that merely a few persons possess the pieces of deity. Peoples are divided into three classs: pneumatics ( spirituals ) , psychics, and hylics, one s position being predestined. The spirituals are by all agencies saved ; the psychics are destined to a in-between position ; the hylics are entirely material characters unimpeachably damned. Gnostic groups deny their bodily appetencies. Other Gnostic religious orders believed that one time the person has achieved enlightenment, they were free to prosecute in any kind of behavior. Activities in the organic structure have no consequence on redemption. Gnostic doctrine tended to further an implicit in force that Marlowe acknowledges in the portrayal of Tamburlaine. ( 131 ) Tamerlane s aspirations stem from a Gnostic battle between spirit and the dampening bonds of affair incarcerating it. He does nt believe that he is one of this universe life, loving, and basking it. The universe for him is to be conquered and subdued. There is an ontological spread between his innate Godhead illustriousness and the sordidness of his milieus. When Zenocrete addresses him as a shepherd he is indignant. As the terrour to the universe ( 1 Tam. 1.2.34-35,38 ) he throws off his simple shepherd s attire to uncover armour underneath Lie here ye weedes that I disdaine to weare. / This compleat armour and this curtle-axe / Are adjuncts more beseeming Tamerlane ( 1 Tam. 1.2.41-43 ) . He dissociates himself from his pastoral individuality which is connected to earth, birthrate, and animate beings, and declares himself to transcendence in character. His armor is the symbol of his distance from the bodily universe raising between visual aspect and world. Although he and his work forces seem like cockamamie state boyfriends, they bear Empires on [ their ] speares ( 1 Tam. 1.2.47, 65 ) . Tamburlaine claims near relationships to Gods stating Jove shield me safe from harme ( 1 Tam. 1.2.180-81 ) . Nothing can destruct him for The chiefest Supreme being / Will sooner burne the glorious frame of Heaven / Then it should so cabal my overthrow ( one Tam. 4.2.8, io-11 ) . ( 132 ) Tamerlane is the carrier of Gnostic individuality perforating others organic structures with his blade, the cogent evidence of his built-in deity. To distance himself from materiality he wounds himself demoing he is non of organic structure A lesion is nil, be it nere so deepe as the insignificance of the affair ( 2 Tam. 3.3.115 ) . in such antinomianism any kind of behavior is allowed ; he can handle others organic structures every bit good as that of Earth s as he pleases: colza, slaying, and the combustion of towns. Others are provincials, slaves as defined by their organic structures deserving devastation to Tamburlaine. They have no opportunity for transcendency. That A lesion is nil justifies a violent riddance of materiality and materiality. ( 133 ) He fantasizes about release from the compressing ironss of his organic structure into pure spirit. Empire means small to him and he is excessively good for Earth so he makes a Gnostic flight from it as he contemplates his return to Samarcanda, his place of birth. He rides through the streets in aureate armors like the Sun. Tamburlaine s existent involvement lies in returning to the religious Samarcanda ( 2 Tam. 4.3.130- 32 ) . The word dissevered suggests violent separation from the hateful organic structure. He looks past to the ultimate end of transcendency ( 1 Tam. 1.2.236-37 ) . He maintains the perfect and exclusive felicitie of life is an earthly Crown ( 1 Tam. 2.7.28029 ) . Crowns assume a talismanic significance ; Tamburlaine steals them, plays with them, rhapsodizes over them, and will them. They symbolize the thrust for his earthly omnipotence. His sorrow is non holding adequate clip to unite the universe. ( 134 ) Tamerlane has Machiavellian political purposes. Like Barabas he detaches himself from the universe around him. In his Gnostic belief, there is a powerful tool in accomplishing ultimate temporal domination. His Gnostic disgusts the affair and refuses to digest any resistance. Zenocrate is closely connected to the Earth ; she sees persons who live, drama, love, marry, and raise kids. On the other manus for Tamerlane it is indecent to harbor ideas effeminate, and swoon ( 1 Tam. 5.1.174, 177 ) . His boy Calyphas is representative of the boisterous material kingdom. He suffers the destiny of hylic persons. He is simply a ball of clay, created of the mussy dregges of Earth, / The trash and potassium bitartrate of the Element/ wherein was neithercourage, strength or wit/ but follie, sloth and damned idling ( 2 Tam. 4.1.125-28 ) . Calyphas is merely fit for extinction. Tamburlaine justifies his act through a typically Gnostic rhetoric of stuff contempt. ( 135 ) In Tamburlaine, the phase is littered with lacerate cadavers left to decompose in bare landscapes. His belief in the ontological insignificance and immorality of affair attempts the devastation of the universe being disenchanted with it. No subject is great plenty in repressing the boisterous qualities of the stuff registry and Tamburlaine wants nil less than its entire devastation. Burning Larissa, destructing Babylon and submerging its full population, endangering to fire so much of Earth that will do the starres to run ( 2 Tam. 4.1.197 ) propose his tormented effort to convey affair to an terminal. He compares his activities to wars of Gods like the mention to Phaethon, Apollo s boy misleading the chariot of the Sun destructing a good part of the Earth. He speaks approvingly about the devastation of Damascus. ( 136 ) Tamerlane s Gnostic assault is on affair and his position like that of the Quakers comes to the decision that the age of books, Torahs, ceremonials, and formal faiths is over when there is the voice within which comes to him shortly before the decease of Zenocrate in a holy enchantment ( 2 Tam. 2.4.34 ) . His devotedness to the spirit leads to intolerant contempt for the missive. III. The 16th century was the clip of acquaintance with Gnostic thoughts and texts. ( 137 ) Hermetic texts show both optimistic and pessimistic gnosis, hermetic penetrations about the interplay between spirit and affair as the footing for scientific probes that would take to the betterment of human life and Gnostic hatred of the affair. The Reformation brought Gnostic thoughts into the head of spiritual contention. Discussions on the Letter and the Spirit, Law and Grace, and Eucharist were all responsible for the Gnostic ambiance. Luther s denouncement of plants righteousness and Calvin arose from new readings of St. Paul and the Gospel of St. John. ( 138 ) The Gnostic nature of Reformed divinity was noticed by Erasmus who accused Luther of adopting a thinly cloaked gnosis available merely to a few. Marlowe as a pupil of divinity in Cambridge was doubtless familiar with the Hermetic literature and its compulsion with religion, works, the nature of the sacraments, and Puritan divinity in England. William Perkins, the greatest sermonizer of the twenty-four hours and the inspiration for Puritan oratory boulder clay after the Restoration was being heard at the clip. ( 139 ) In taking the narrative of Faustus he sets the ancient fable of the Gnostic Simon Magus and his chase of Helen of Troy ( Sophia ) . In England, the Family of Love, preached the primacy of the interior visible radiation. ( 140 ) Marlowe could barely hold failed to cognize the Family of Love. ( 143 ) IV. The authorities of the clip viewed English society susceptible to Gnostic solutions to spiritual inquiries. Marlowe s dramas are portion of this overall late sixteenth treatment, concerned with challenges to governments who deny that persons have a right to talk with assurance as the carriers of ultimate spiritual penetration. Tamburlaine provides two thoughts for godly flawlessness of the person and antinomianism, single being of the same being as God connoting the originality of the psyche ( 144 ) The single must merely atone and acknowledge his true deity. No Christian expiation for wickedness is necessary. Christ did non expiate for human wickedness ; he merely provided a theoretical account of behavior for the enlightened in his triumph over wickedness, the organic structure, and decease. Familists believed Christ is no 1 adult male, but an estate and status in adult male everyman being his ain Jesus and a Jesus for himself possessed with absolute holinesse and purenesse. ( 145 ) It is merely a short measure from a belief in human flawlessness to antinomianism. Like Tamburlaine, the Familists believed the organic structure was mere dead affair, no more than an semblance without existent effects for their redemption that explains their penchant for spirit over the missive ; whatever lies in books is of no usage. ( 146 ) Baptism and Eucharist are useless symbols including Catholicism. The Bible is valuable merely as an allegorical text offering types of metempsychosis to be imitated by the initiated. ( 147 ) Major scriptural narratives and figures elucidate the cardinal struggle between those enlightened by God and those non. Gnostic doctrines show deeply-seated, violent aversion to the universe. All people, Turkes, Mahometans, and Jews were eligible for religious metempsychosis, and all people were to be loved. Marlowe would hold appreciated such cosmopolitan Concord in the anti-dogmatic doctrines of his twenty-four hours as an appealing option for an single marginalized as an foreigner, an atheist, and a sodomist. ( 148 ) However, Marlowe demonstrates that any signifier of Gnostic transcendency potentially leads to violent for those earthly. In Tamburlaine scaring effects of extremist spiritual philosophies overcome the complications of life in a religious flight from a toxicant universe. In associating Marlowe with the Orthodox oppositions of this unorthodoxy, the author goes against the critical consensus on Marlowe s ideological orientation. Most critics considered Marlowe sympathetic to his characters desire for the space. Bartels in depicting Marlowe as outrageously other, perpetuates the designation of the playwright and his supporters. Marlowe nevertheless, was non an antinomian or an supporter of Gnostic aspirations. ( 149 ) Taking Tamburlaine as ideal would be a misreading of the drama. Marlowe does put a persuasive version of gnosis but it is a pessimistic call for the devastation of the universe and its dwellers, anything that is not-Tamburlaine. Marlowe shuns the organic structure as an semblance. His primary beginnings for the life of the Scythian vanquisher the historical Tamburlaine is eulogized as a theoretical account Renaissance prince who dies a natural decease with his imperium intact. Tamburlaine s conquering of the universe is neer criticized. Yet, he expands the function of the Damascene Virgins, Zenocrate, and Calyphas. These characters question Tamburlaine s mission and articulate Marlowe s concern for the organic structure and the universe at the custodies of spiritual fiends like Tamburlaine with whom we sympathize. Marlowe alters the narrative ends. In the beginnings, Tamburlaine dies of old age after a successful calling as a vanquisher and male monarch. Alternatively, he c hooses to demo Tamburlaine yielding to a slackly defined distemper or illness. Tamerlane maintains throughout the drama that his true being has nil to make with his stuff being, hence his aghast inquiry Shall illness prove me now to be a man/ That have been termed the panic of the universe? ( 2 Tam. 5.3.44-45 ) . ( 150 ) Tamerlane s distemper and decease exposes the vacuum of the Gnostic hope for flawlessness proclaimed by the vanquisher during his life. Religious contentions of his age are rooted in the anxiousnesss about the relationship between spirit and affair reminiscent of ancient Gnosticism. ( 151 ) The interior visible radiation was a job for Marlowe ; the beauty and passion of Tamburlaine s addresss in portion 1 are appealing responses to populating with the restrictions of mortality. The inner visible radiation besides disturbs Marlowe. The writer s uncertainties are evident on Tamburlaine s deathbed, when the Physician tells the vanquisher that his blood is dried and his Artiers, which alongst the venas convey / the lively liquors which the bosom engenders / Are parch d and nothingness of spirit ( 2 Tam. 5.3.85, 93-95 ) . Spectacless of Unfamiliarity: Imperialism, Alienation, and Marlowe Writer: Bartels, Emily Carroll. Publication: Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993. Merchandise Idaho: 17153 eBook ISBN: 9780585126449 ISBN: 9780812231939 Subject: Marlowe, Christopher, 1564-1593 Criticism and reading. Political dramas, English History and unfavorable judgment. Alienation ( Social psychological science ) in literature. Net-Library ( Thirteen ) Why did Marlowe take to convey foreigners on the phase? Oriental savages, black prestidigitators, homophiles, African Queenss and male monarchs, Machiavellian Christians, Turks, and Jew? Why was the foreigner such an appealing topic? Why were other non-European, universes like Persia, Egypt, Africa, and the East chosen as the scene? Besides the timeless captivation with the foreigner, there was besides the outgrowth of imperialist thoughts. ( fourteen )

A Good Man is Hard to Find Essay Example for Free

A Good Man is Hard to Find Essay ? The grandmother identifies herself as a southern lady based on appearance, money, and background. She is the main character in this short story and also the only character that the narrator actually shows into the mind of. The grandmother is the reason for the title of this story because she repeats throughout the story about a â€Å"good man†, when there really is no good man in this whole story. The grandmother also is used in many ways to foreshadow the upcoming events in the story; such as â€Å"In case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady† (O’Connor 354) The grandmother is identified by appearance in that she compares the way she is dressed to the way the mother is dressed. The mother is told to be dressed in â€Å"slacks and still had her green kerchief† and the grandmother describes herself as having â€Å"on a navy blue straw sailor hat with a bunch of white violets on the brim and a navy blue dress with a small white dot in the print† (O’Connor 354). She wanted to make sure that â€Å"anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady† (O’Connor 354). Money is something important to the grandmother that we can also identify her by. The grandmother thought very highly of Mr. Teagarden because she says that June Star â€Å"would have done well to marry Mr. Teagarden because he was a gentleman and had bought Coca-Cola stock when it first came out and that he had died only a few years ago, a very wealthy man† (O’Connor 355). Red Sam is a â€Å"good man† in the grandmother’s eyes, which is probably because he is a wealthy owner of his own store (O’Connor 356). Where the grandmother is from and how she is raised is also a big part in identifying her. In the beginning of the story, the grandmother describes how she wants to go to Tennessee for their vacation instead of Georgia. When John Wesley says something about it, the grandmother gets defensive over where she grew up, she says to him â€Å"I wouldn’t talk about my native country that way† (O’Connor 354). Later in the story, the mother goes to a jukebox and plays â€Å"The Tennessee Waltz† kind of just to rub it in to the grandmother  that they were not, in fact, going to Tennessee. Another time in the story, the grandmother says that she recognizes where they were while on the way to Georgia. But it turns out, she was just recalling when she was in Tennessee â€Å"when she was a young lady† (O’Connor 357). Flannery O’Connor is such a good author, and that shows especially in this piece. She identifies the grandmother through appearance, money, and background. Appearance, such as the way she compares herself to the mother, how she talks about how Mr. Teagarden was â€Å"very-good looking†, and talking about the Misfit’s crew and their attire. The grandmother identifies herself as a southern lady based on appearance, money, and background. She is the main character in this short story and also the only character that the narrator actually shows into the mind of. The grandmother is the reason for the title of this story because she repeats throughout the story about a â€Å"good man†, when there really is no good man in this whole story. The grandmother also is used in many ways to foreshadow the upcoming events in the story; such as â€Å"In case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady.† The grandmother is identified by appearance in that she compares the way she is dressed to the way the mother is dressed. The mother is told to be dressed in â€Å"slacks and still had her green kerchief† and the grandmother describes herself as having â€Å"on a navy blue straw sailor hat with a bunch of white violets on the brim and a navy blue dress with a small white dot in the print.† She wanted to make sure that â€Å"anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady.† Money is something important to the grandmother that we can also identify her by. The grandmother thought very highly of Mr. Teagarden because she says that June Star â€Å"would have done well to marry Mr. Teagarden because he was a gentleman and had bought Coca-Cola stock when it first came out and that he had died only a few years ago, a very wealthy man.† Red Sam is a â€Å"good man† in the grandmother’s eyes, which is probably because he is a wealthy owner of his own store. Where the grandmother is from and how she is raised is also a big part in identifying her. In the beginning of the story, the grandmother describes how she wants to go to Tennessee for their vacation instead of Georgia. When John Wesley says something about it, the grandmother gets defensive over where she grew up, she says to him â€Å"I wouldn’t talk about my native country that way.† Later in the story, the mother goes to a jukebox and plays â€Å"The Tennessee Waltz† kind of just to rub it in to the grandmother that they were not, in fact, going to Tennessee. Another time in the story, the grandmother says that she recognizes where they were while on the way to Georgia. But it turns out, she was just recalling when she was in Tennessee â€Å"when she was a young lady.† Flannery O’Connor is such a good author, and that shows especially in this piece. She identifies the grandmother through appearance, money, and background. Works Cited: O’Connor, Flannery. â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find.† Backpack Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing. X.J. Kennedy and Gioias eds. Pearson: New York, 2012. 352-365. Print. A Good Man is Hard to Find. (2016, Mar 01).

Financial Status and Policy of ConocoPhillips Case Study

Financial Status and Policy of ConocoPhillips - Case Study Example Its refinement technology focuses on upgrading high-grade petroleum coke and removing sulfur. With approximately 32,700 employees in 40 countries, it has assets of $171 billion with core competencies in petroleum exploration, production, refining, supply, marketing and transportation as well as natural gas gathering and processing and chemicals and plastics production. The company has a 50 percent interest in Colorado-based natural gas liquid producer DCP Midstream, LLC and Texas-based petrochemical company Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC. This paper will provide an assessment of the existing company in terms of its current status, including stock trading and financial standing, and the issues that have significant effect on its performance. ConocoPhillips is actually the recent marriage between two pioneer oil companies in the US, Conoco Inc. and Phillips Petroleum Company. The two companies merged on August 30, 2002 amidst some speculation that the $15.5 Billion deal was a necessary move for the two contenders to avoid being out-competed by bigger petroleum companies. At the time of the merger, oil prices had taken a disastrous turn downward that threatened the survival of smaller gas companies. The merger was expected to save about $750 million in overhead costs, mostly based on planned downsizing of some of the combined roster of 58,000 employees. ("Analysts: Phillips-Conoco merge to survive," 2001) Isaac Elder Blake founded Conoco in November 25, 1875 as the Continental Oil and Transportation Co. that would bring in petroleum in bulk to the pioneers of Ogden, Utah, making it more affordable and convenient for individual use. In the course of operations, Blake developed new uses for petroleum including benzene, ready mixed paints, birthday candles and paraffin chewing wax, but the focus was more on gasoline for use in automobiles. Continental built the first filling station in the West in 1909. By 1913, Continental was the top petroleum marketer in the Rocky Mountain region and an attempt by Standard Oil to take over the company was rebuffed by order of the Supreme Court. In 1929, Continental Oil merged with Oklahoma-based Marland Oil because each company could benefit from each other's strengths, marketing know how from the former and supply of crude oil for the latter and was named Continental Oil Company, assets including 3,000 wells and retail outlets in 30 states. Conoco st ock began trading in the New York Stock Exchange in September 15, 1929, just in time for the stock market crash. The company survived only by drastically cutting overhead costs and expanding refinery capacity under the direction of Dan Moran. He was succeeded by Leonard F. McCollum who led Conoco overseas, acquiring oil fields in Dubai and retail acquisitions in Europe. He diversified the company to such an extent that by 1972 Conoco was worth more that $2.3 Billion in assets. On September 30, 1981, in the midst of political and economic ups and downs and a threatened hostile takeover, Conoco merged with DuPont, which resulted in the former becoming a wholly owned-subsidiary of the latter, until Conoco separated from Dupont in 1997 to become an independent oil company. ("Conoco History," 2005) It was in 1905 that the Philips brothers hit their first oil well, eventually

Info technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Info technology - Essay Example On the other hand, integration of information system with the information systems causes need for expertise in order to deal with challenges faced during the business operations. Conceptualization of the business information systems establishes three divisions, which include Transactional Processing Systems (TPS), Management Information Systems (MIS) and Expert systems. MIS is divided into other sub-divisions, which include Decision Support System (DSS) that refers to a business application that analyzes and presents data in order to assist in business decision-making process. Therefore, through DSS the business utilizes the integration of business with information systems. In this case, the business uses the information systems to make informed decisions rationally in a timely manner. Businesses employ different categories of Information System to present data that are gathered from transactions, and for making decisions on certain areas of the business. For example, the business uses the information systems to record the sales transaction on account, which is used to determine the customers that are credit worthy. Therefore, Information system is applicable in numerous levels of business organization. On the other hand, DSS is use by the management in making strategic decisions in departments that deal with sales and marketing, supply and procurement. In addition, business applies IS in making tactical decisions, especially by the supervisors who are involved in daily operational decisions. In this case, the most significant reason for integrating the business with information system is to provide relevant information to be applied in decision-making, which is needed for the achieving a competitive advantage. Information System is applied as a tool in order to institutionalize decision, and this facilitates intelligent decision-making.  Therefore, Information

Quantum vs. Classical Mechanics :: essays research papers

Classical and Quantum mechanics are the two main fields of mechanics in physics. Classical mechanics came a few hundred years before Quantum mechanics. Subsequently it is less accurate and less reliable then the more recent mechanic field of Quantum mechanics. Despite being outdated, Classical mechanics can still be used for many everyday problems with bigger and slower moving objects. However, when dealing with extremely fast moving or small subatomic particles a Classical approach will not produce sufficiently accurate results as was the case around the 19th century.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Difficulties with the Classical mechanics theory came right around the 19th century. First was the Ultraviolet Catastrophe. Experimental data when testing blackbody radiation was found to be inconsistent with Classical mechanics. The data showed that as the wavelength of the incoming radiation approaches zero, the amount of energy being radiated also approaches zero, whereas Classical mechanics says the emitted energy is infinite. The second difficulty with the theory was its inability to correctly describe the photoelectric effect. The photoelectric effect says that photons from a surface are released when light hits it. Classical mechanics says that electrons will be emitted from a metal by light waves with any frequency as long as the intensity of the light is strong enough, and even if it is weak over a long enough period of time electrons will eventually be emitted. The theory was proved incorrect after experiments showed that light under certain frequencies did not produce the photoelectric effect on the metal, which meant that the emitting of electrons is related not to intensity but the waves frequency. A new string of mechanics, Quantum mechanics, was created in order to resolve the incompatibilities of Classical Mechanics. A main difference between the two fields of mechanics is the make up of the atom. In Quantum mechanics electrons in an atom are outside of the nucleus in specific orbitals around the nucleus that they can jump from one to another only when a specific energy level is reached, and can never be in-between the specific orbitals. Also Quantum mechanics says that a photon is released only when an electron jumps from a higher energy level to a lower energy level, or a higher energy orbital to a lower energy orbital. Classical mechanics, contradicting this, says that an atom is constantly emitting radiation. Quantum mechanics describes light as both a wave and a particle, depending on the situation.

Body and gender representation Essay

The general public is also the intended audience for this movie. Here, woman is represented as a jobless, single mother, a situation that many women in society find themselves in. Out of desperation, Brokovich presses her lawyer to give her a job in his firm and was given a clerical position. However, she was not treated with seriousness because she did not conform to the dress and manners required of an office employee. In the course of her work, she came across information about a company depositing toxic chemicals that polluted the local water supply. She takes an active role in building a case against the company. Gender representation is consistent with cultural norms in that women are mothers whose role is to nurture their children. However, the strength, assertiveness, intelligence, efforts to control and direct life and active involvement in social issues portrayed by Brokovich departs from cultural norms which dictate that women be passive, dependent or should focus their time on domestic affairs. This female representation is very positive. Les Miserables (1998) An adaptation of the French classic novel, the movie is again for general patronage. In line with the novel, the film portrays an ex-convict Jean Valjean who commits crime but soon establishes a new life under a new identity. He builds a business employing the poor and disadvantaged and upon the dying wishes of a prostitute whom he defended from unjust imprisonment and whom he took care of while sick, raises her daughter as his own. He does everything to ensure her safety, education, home, social standing and financial security. Gender representation in this film is positive. Male representation moves away from the cultural norm of detached and not domestically inclined father. Here, Valjean takes on the nurturing role, selfless with a strong stance against the oppression of both women and men. However, this was not carried out in the traditional manner of knight in shining armor or as a male holding a position of power but rather as a struggling person helping his fellow poor. The representation of women was through Fantine, an unwed mother whom poverty forced into prostitution and her daughter who was enslaved and abused by the family to whom she was initially entrusted. The woman in this family was particularly cruel. This portrayal of women as traditionally helpless, discriminated and taken advantage of but who can also take on the role of oppressor provides a realistic view of the variety of roles that women take on in society. Pictures 1. This photo in a magazine’s swim suit edition portrays femininity in terms of physical beauty. This is defined as flawless hair, clear skin with an excellent tone, slimness and curves. This representation is consistent with society and male’s standard of femininity and beauty to which a woman’s worth may be judged. Because women’s bodies are different and the average woman does not look like her at all, its impact on women is negative. It leads them to become dissatisfied with their bodies which results in a poor body image and low self-esteem. It also reinforces women’s gender roles of preoccupation with beauty. In regarding themselves as defective and in cultivating the desire to attain the model’s looks and body, women will spend much time, effort and money. The target audience of the magazine includes teen-agers and young women who are potential buyers of the product being advertised. 2. The strong, muscular and aggressive stance of the male in this photo, which appeared in a magazine for women, represents current cultural norms regarding masculinity which encompasses male gender roles of taking the active part, dominant, capable and powerful. It reflects traditional views that men cannot be soft, weak, puny or vulnerable. Men are affected negatively by this representation because it also establishes a standard that they have to conform to. It establishes that these physical characteristics are what women would find appealing but like women, men are also different. Hence, those men who do not possess the physical attributes portrayed by this model will feel insecure and would also attempt to build their physique and the matching attitude. 3. The intended audience for this picture is also women. Aside from portraying femininity in terms of beauty, femininity is also represented as youth and sensuality. The dress, the body parts revealed and position of the model are both sexy and seductive. It reflects the traditional view of women as sex objects and their role as a source of male sexual fantasy and satisfaction. Similarly, this representation is negative because it implies that in order to be desired by men, women have to have the proper physical attributes of breasts, legs and buttocks such as portrayed. It impacts most especially on the self-esteem of older women since age diminishes the physical characteristics perceived as desirable. Wrinkles, age spots and decreasing muscle tone, which occur within the normal course of an older woman’s life, are now regarded as their adversary.

Marketing Plan Final Paper - 4426 Words

MKT/421 April 8, 2013 Ken Metz Marketing Plan: Final Paper and Presentation Fisher Price produced a new product to teach children how to tie shoes. In this paper, there is information about who Fisher Price is a description of the new product, their marketing mix method and a SWOTT analysis of the product. Fisher-Price, Inc. was founded in 1930 and is based in East Aurora, New York. It all started out when Herman Fisher, Irving Price, and Helen Schelle created the toy company and brought 16 wooden toys to The International Toy Fair in New York City. Those first toys became very popular and became the hallmarks of Fisher Price. As of 1993, Fisher Price operates as a subsidiary of the organization Mattel Inc., the worldwide leader in†¦show more content†¦Every toy that has been made must pass through the Play Lab process. The results that are analyzed from the Play Lab play a crucial role in the expansion and redesign of the toys. Another market research strategy is meeting with parent in focus group-like settings. They also conduct at home research testing. Fisher-Price compensates the parents for individual parent talk sessions and for in-home testing of their products. When the at-home products are returned a survey must be filled out about the product that was tested (Pisan i, 2006). Product testing, quality assurance, and research and development are important when considering how to market The Talking Shoe. The company must understand whom they are designing the product for and how to reach that audience effectively, because without targeted marketing it is very easy to burn capital without gaining sales. Marketing can help create ideas for product usage in the consumer mind, as well as increase consumer interest, loyalty and spending. TV, digital, print and radio advertising have the most reach and cost the most money. The Talking Shoe must educate the parents to encourage them to purchase the product. Because the aim of the product is to lessen frustration for children and making teaching easier for parents, an educational visual approach, printed visual image of use, and digital combination would be the most effective methods of message delivery. When launching a new product, a company needsShow MoreRelatedFinal Marketing Plan Paper5951 Words   |   24 PagesFinal Marketing Plan Paper Surgey Perez, Adrine Jason, Shirtiar Beasley, Gena Brooks University of Phoenix Introduction As consumers, we are very accustomed to finding products where we need them, when we need them at the price we are willing to pay. This has become such an automatic part of the buying process that we seldom give much thought to how all of this occurs. To put it simply, all of this occurs because of marketing. 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